C Programming : Operators and Expressions introduction, examples and interview questions

OPERATORS
C operators are the symbols which are used to perform the mathematical and logical operations. C has a rich set of built-in operators. These are the following built-in operators in c:
➣Arithmetic Operators
➣Logical Operators
➣Relational Operators
➣Assignment Operators
➣Bitwise Operators
➣Conditional Operators
➣Increment/Decrement Operators
➣Special Operators


Arithmetic Operator :
These operators are used to perform mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and modulus.

Operator	Description	Example
+	Two operands are added	2+3=5
-	First operand is subtracted by second operand	3-2=1
*	Multiplies two operand	3*2=6
/	Divide numerator by denominator	6/2=3
%	Gives remainder after the division of integer	5%2=1

Example:

Logical Operator :
These operators are used to perform logical operations on the given expression.

Operator	Description	Example
&&	Called as Logical AND operator. Output is 1 only when the inputs on both the sides will be true	0&&1=0
||	Called as Logical OR operator. Output is 0 only when the inputs on both the sides will be zero	1||0=1
!	Called as Logical NOT operator. Gives the inverted output	!1=0

Example: 

Assignment Operator :
These operators are used to assign the values to the variable.

Operator	Description	Example
=	Assignment Operator. Assign right hand side value to the left hand side variable.	z=x+y
+=	Add and Assignment Operator. Add right hand side operand to the left hand side operand and assigns the result to the left hand side operand.	x+=y gives x=x+y
-=	Subtract and Assignment Operator. Subtracts right hand side operand from the left hand side operand and assign the result to the left hand side operand.	x-=y gives x=x-y
*=	Multiply and Assignment Operator. Multiply right hand side operand to the left hand side operand and assigns the result to the left hand side operand.	x*=y gives x=x*y
/=	Divide and Assignment Operator. Divides right hand side operand from the left hand side operand and assign the result to the left hand side operand.	x/=y gives x=x/y
%=	Modulus and Assignment Operator. Divide right hand side operand from the left hand side operand and assigns the remainder to the left hand side operand.	x%=y gives x=x%y

Example: 

Relational Operator :

These operators are used to compare two variables or values.

Operator	Description
==	Equal to Operator. Checks equal or not if true then returns true else return false.
!=	Not equal to Operator. Checks equal or not if equal then returns false else return true.
<	Less than Operator. Checks for lower value.
>	Greater than Operator. Checks for greater value.
<=	Less than equal to Operator. Checks for lower value or equal value.
>=	Greater than equal to Operator. Checks for greater value or equal value.

Example: 

Bitwise Operator :

These operators are used to convert values into binary digits.

Operator	Description	Example
>>	Right Shift All bits in x shifted to y bits right in x.	x>>y
<<	Left Shift All bits in x shifted to y bits left in x.	x<<y
&	Bitwise AND perform AND operation between each bit of x and each bit of y.	x&y
|	Bitwise OR Perform OR operation between each bit of x and each bit of y.	x|y
^	Bitwise XOR Perform XOR operation between each bit of x and each bit of y.	x^y

Conditional Operator :

This operator is used to give the result based on condition. It is just like "if-else".

Syntax: ?::

Example:   a>b?c::d  

                10>4?5::6